Rio Tinto mining executive to the CEO Energy & Minerals, Catriona Beadel, told Mining Journal much of the industry lacked the resources to make the kind of meaningful changes many stakeholders were demanding and encouraged large mining groups to collaborate more with more junior peers to share knowledge.

However, she said the groundswell of momentum from outside the industry meant awareness of key ESG themes was penetrating all levels of industry, if not at the pace stakeholders would like.